The kinematic footprints of five stellar streams in Andromeda's halo
Identifieur interne : 008723 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 008722; suivant : 008724The kinematic footprints of five stellar streams in Andromeda's halo
Auteurs : S. C. Chapman [Canada, Royaume-Uni] ; R. Ibata [France] ; M. Irwin ; A. Koch [États-Unis] ; B. Letarte [États-Unis] ; N. Martin [Allemagne] ; M. Collins ; G. F. Lewis [Australie] ; A. Mcconnachie [Canada] ; J. Pe Arrubia [Canada] ; R. M. Rich [États-Unis] ; D. Trethewey ; A. Ferguson [Royaume-Uni] ; A. Huxor [Royaume-Uni] ; N. TanvirSource :
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society [ 0035-8711 ] ; 2008-11-11.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Spectrométrie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Average distance modulus, Average velocity, California institute, Canadian space agency, Candidate halo stars, Candidate stream, Cent chance, Centre, Chapman, Cold points, Core radii, Dark matter, Deep imaging spectrograph, Deimos, Dispersion, Ducial rgbs, Edge regions, Eld, Equivalent width, Fardal, Full extent, Galactic contamination, Galaxies, Galaxy, Galaxy halo, General power, Good agreement, Guhathakurta, Halo, Halo population, Halo sample, Halo star, Halo stars, Halo velocity dispersion, Histogram, Ibata, Imaging, Irwin, Journal compilation, Kinematic, Kinematic analysis, Kinematic association, Kinematic detection, Kinematic peak, Kinematic peaks, Kinematic structure, Kinematic substructure, Kinematically, Kinematics, Koch, Large galaxies, Large radii, Likely kinematic detection, Lower limit, Luminosity, Main stream, Mcconnachie, Measurement errors, Member star, Member stars, Metallicities, Metallicity, Metallicity comparison, Minor axis, Mnras, Multiple kinematically, Narrow range, Other streams, Peak values, Phot spec, Photometric, Photometric errors, Photometric metallicities, Photometry, Physical thickness, Pointings, Progenitor, Progenitor galaxy, Progenitor mass, Progenitor masses, Radial distance, Radial velocities, Radial velocity, Radial velocity uncertainties, Same procedure, Satellite galaxy, Simon geha, Spectroscopic, Spectroscopic masks, Spectroscopic measurements, Spectroscopic metallicities, Spectroscopic observations, Spectroscopic pointings, Spectroscopic survey, Spectroscopically stars, Spectroscopy, Star, Star cluster, Star clusters, Stars kinematically, Statistical analysis, Stellar, Stellar halo, Stellar halo density, Stellar haloes, Stellar kinematics, Stellar streams, Stream, Stream structures, Stream substructures, Stream values, Stream widths, Structural mass estimate, Subsequent spectroscopy, Substructure, Symbol type, Systemic velocity, Tanvir, Target stars, Tidal disruption, Unambiguous stream, Velocity differences, Velocity dispersion, Velocity dispersions, Velocity distribution, Velocity gradient, Velocity histograms, Velocity range.
- Teeft :
- Average distance modulus, Average velocity, California institute, Canadian space agency, Candidate halo stars, Candidate stream, Cent chance, Centre, Chapman, Cold points, Core radii, Dark matter, Deep imaging spectrograph, Deimos, Dispersion, Ducial rgbs, Edge regions, Eld, Equivalent width, Fardal, Full extent, Galactic contamination, Galaxy, General power, Good agreement, Guhathakurta, Halo, Halo population, Halo sample, Halo star, Halo stars, Halo velocity dispersion, Histogram, Ibata, Imaging, Irwin, Journal compilation, Kinematic, Kinematic analysis, Kinematic association, Kinematic detection, Kinematic peak, Kinematic peaks, Kinematic structure, Kinematic substructure, Kinematically, Kinematics, Koch, Large galaxies, Large radii, Likely kinematic detection, Lower limit, Luminosity, Main stream, Mcconnachie, Measurement errors, Member stars, Metallicities, Metallicity, Metallicity comparison, Minor axis, Mnras, Multiple kinematically, Narrow range, Other streams, Peak values, Phot spec, Photometric, Photometric errors, Photometric metallicities, Photometry, Physical thickness, Pointings, Progenitor, Progenitor galaxy, Progenitor mass, Progenitor masses, Radial distance, Radial velocities, Radial velocity, Radial velocity uncertainties, Same procedure, Satellite galaxy, Simon geha, Spectroscopic, Spectroscopic masks, Spectroscopic measurements, Spectroscopic metallicities, Spectroscopic observations, Spectroscopic pointings, Spectroscopic survey, Spectroscopically stars, Star, Star cluster, Stars kinematically, Statistical analysis, Stellar, Stellar halo, Stellar halo density, Stellar haloes, Stellar streams, Stream, Stream structures, Stream substructures, Stream values, Stream widths, Structural mass estimate, Subsequent spectroscopy, Substructure, Symbol type, Systemic velocity, Tanvir, Target stars, Tidal disruption, Unambiguous stream, Velocity differences, Velocity dispersion, Velocity dispersions, Velocity distribution, Velocity gradient, Velocity histograms, Velocity range.
Abstract
We present a spectroscopic analysis of five stellar streams (‘A’, ‘B’, ‘Cr’, ‘Cp’ and ‘D’) as well as the extended star cluster, EC4, which lies within Stream ‘C’, all discovered in the halo of M31 from our Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/MegaCam survey. These spectroscopic results were initially serendipitous, making use of our existing observations from the DEep Imaging Multi‐Object Spectrograph mounted on the Keck II telescope, and thereby emphasizing the ubiquity of tidal streams that account for ∼70 per cent of the M31 halo stars in the targeted fields. Subsequent spectroscopy was then procured in Stream ‘C’ and Stream ‘D’ to trace the velocity gradient along the streams. Nine metal‐rich ([Fe/H]∼−0.7) stars at vhel=−349.5 km s−1, σv,corr∼ 5.1 ± 2.5 km s−1 are proposed as a serendipitous detection of Stream ‘Cr’, with follow‐up kinematic identification at a further point along the stream. Seven metal‐poor ([Fe/H]∼−1.3) stars confined to a narrow, 15 km s−1 velocity bin centred at vhel=−285.6, σv,corr= 4.3+1.7−1.4 km s−1 represent a kinematic detection of Stream ‘Cp’, again with follow‐up kinematic identification further along the stream. For the cluster EC4, candidate member stars with average [Fe/H]∼−1.4, are found at vhel=−282 suggesting it could be related to Stream ‘Cp’. No similarly obvious cold kinematic candidate is found for Stream ‘D’, although candidates are proposed in both of two spectroscopic pointings along the stream (both at ∼−400 km s−1). Spectroscopy near the edge of Stream ‘B’ suggests a likely kinematic detection at vhel∼−330, σv,corr∼ 6.9 km s−1, while a candidate kinematic detection of Stream ‘A’ is found (plausibly associated to M33 rather than M31) with vhel∼−170, σv,corr= 12.5 km s−1. The low dispersion of the streams in kinematics, physical thickness and metallicity makes it hard to reconcile with a scenario whereby these stream structures as an ensemble are related to the giant southern stream. We conclude that the M31 stellar halo is largely made up of multiple kinematically cold streams.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13703.x
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Canada, France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Bade-Wurtemberg, Californie, District de Karlsruhe, Louisiane, Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Écosse
- Heidelberg, Sydney, Édimbourg
- Université d'Édimbourg, Université de Sydney
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Istex, to step Corpus: 000378
- to stream Istex, to step Curation: 000378
- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 001090
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 008F84
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: 003219
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: 002E34
- to stream PascalFrancis, to step Checkpoint: 002E33
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 009247
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 008723
Le document en format XML
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Tanvir</name><affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">LE17RH</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><title level="j" type="alt">MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2966</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">390</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1437">1437</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1452">1452</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">16</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-11-11">2008-11-11</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Average distance modulus</term><term>Average velocity</term><term>California institute</term><term>Canadian space agency</term><term>Candidate halo stars</term><term>Candidate stream</term><term>Cent chance</term><term>Centre</term><term>Chapman</term><term>Cold points</term><term>Core radii</term><term>Dark matter</term><term>Deep imaging spectrograph</term><term>Deimos</term><term>Dispersion</term><term>Ducial rgbs</term><term>Edge regions</term><term>Eld</term><term>Equivalent width</term><term>Fardal</term><term>Full extent</term><term>Galactic contamination</term><term>Galaxies</term><term>Galaxy</term><term>Galaxy halo</term><term>General power</term><term>Good agreement</term><term>Guhathakurta</term><term>Halo</term><term>Halo population</term><term>Halo sample</term><term>Halo star</term><term>Halo stars</term><term>Halo velocity dispersion</term><term>Histogram</term><term>Ibata</term><term>Imaging</term><term>Irwin</term><term>Journal compilation</term><term>Kinematic</term><term>Kinematic analysis</term><term>Kinematic association</term><term>Kinematic detection</term><term>Kinematic peak</term><term>Kinematic peaks</term><term>Kinematic structure</term><term>Kinematic substructure</term><term>Kinematically</term><term>Kinematics</term><term>Koch</term><term>Large galaxies</term><term>Large radii</term><term>Likely kinematic detection</term><term>Lower limit</term><term>Luminosity</term><term>Main stream</term><term>Mcconnachie</term><term>Measurement errors</term><term>Member star</term><term>Member stars</term><term>Metallicities</term><term>Metallicity</term><term>Metallicity comparison</term><term>Minor axis</term><term>Mnras</term><term>Multiple kinematically</term><term>Narrow range</term><term>Other streams</term><term>Peak values</term><term>Phot spec</term><term>Photometric</term><term>Photometric errors</term><term>Photometric metallicities</term><term>Photometry</term><term>Physical thickness</term><term>Pointings</term><term>Progenitor</term><term>Progenitor galaxy</term><term>Progenitor mass</term><term>Progenitor masses</term><term>Radial distance</term><term>Radial velocities</term><term>Radial velocity</term><term>Radial velocity uncertainties</term><term>Same procedure</term><term>Satellite galaxy</term><term>Simon geha</term><term>Spectroscopic</term><term>Spectroscopic masks</term><term>Spectroscopic measurements</term><term>Spectroscopic metallicities</term><term>Spectroscopic observations</term><term>Spectroscopic pointings</term><term>Spectroscopic survey</term><term>Spectroscopically stars</term><term>Spectroscopy</term><term>Star</term><term>Star cluster</term><term>Star clusters</term><term>Stars kinematically</term><term>Statistical analysis</term><term>Stellar</term><term>Stellar halo</term><term>Stellar halo density</term><term>Stellar haloes</term><term>Stellar kinematics</term><term>Stellar streams</term><term>Stream</term><term>Stream structures</term><term>Stream substructures</term><term>Stream values</term><term>Stream widths</term><term>Structural mass estimate</term><term>Subsequent spectroscopy</term><term>Substructure</term><term>Symbol type</term><term>Systemic velocity</term><term>Tanvir</term><term>Target stars</term><term>Tidal disruption</term><term>Unambiguous stream</term><term>Velocity differences</term><term>Velocity dispersion</term><term>Velocity dispersions</term><term>Velocity distribution</term><term>Velocity gradient</term><term>Velocity histograms</term><term>Velocity range</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Amas stellaire</term><term>Cinématique stellaire</term><term>Etoile membre</term><term>Galaxies</term><term>Halo galaxies</term><term>Métallicité</term><term>Spectrométrie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Average distance modulus</term><term>Average velocity</term><term>California institute</term><term>Canadian space agency</term><term>Candidate halo stars</term><term>Candidate stream</term><term>Cent chance</term><term>Centre</term><term>Chapman</term><term>Cold points</term><term>Core radii</term><term>Dark matter</term><term>Deep imaging spectrograph</term><term>Deimos</term><term>Dispersion</term><term>Ducial rgbs</term><term>Edge regions</term><term>Eld</term><term>Equivalent width</term><term>Fardal</term><term>Full extent</term><term>Galactic contamination</term><term>Galaxy</term><term>General power</term><term>Good agreement</term><term>Guhathakurta</term><term>Halo</term><term>Halo population</term><term>Halo sample</term><term>Halo star</term><term>Halo stars</term><term>Halo velocity dispersion</term><term>Histogram</term><term>Ibata</term><term>Imaging</term><term>Irwin</term><term>Journal compilation</term><term>Kinematic</term><term>Kinematic analysis</term><term>Kinematic association</term><term>Kinematic detection</term><term>Kinematic peak</term><term>Kinematic peaks</term><term>Kinematic structure</term><term>Kinematic substructure</term><term>Kinematically</term><term>Kinematics</term><term>Koch</term><term>Large galaxies</term><term>Large radii</term><term>Likely kinematic detection</term><term>Lower limit</term><term>Luminosity</term><term>Main stream</term><term>Mcconnachie</term><term>Measurement errors</term><term>Member stars</term><term>Metallicities</term><term>Metallicity</term><term>Metallicity comparison</term><term>Minor axis</term><term>Mnras</term><term>Multiple kinematically</term><term>Narrow range</term><term>Other streams</term><term>Peak values</term><term>Phot spec</term><term>Photometric</term><term>Photometric errors</term><term>Photometric metallicities</term><term>Photometry</term><term>Physical thickness</term><term>Pointings</term><term>Progenitor</term><term>Progenitor galaxy</term><term>Progenitor mass</term><term>Progenitor masses</term><term>Radial distance</term><term>Radial velocities</term><term>Radial velocity</term><term>Radial velocity uncertainties</term><term>Same procedure</term><term>Satellite galaxy</term><term>Simon geha</term><term>Spectroscopic</term><term>Spectroscopic masks</term><term>Spectroscopic measurements</term><term>Spectroscopic metallicities</term><term>Spectroscopic observations</term><term>Spectroscopic pointings</term><term>Spectroscopic survey</term><term>Spectroscopically stars</term><term>Star</term><term>Star cluster</term><term>Stars kinematically</term><term>Statistical analysis</term><term>Stellar</term><term>Stellar halo</term><term>Stellar halo density</term><term>Stellar haloes</term><term>Stellar streams</term><term>Stream</term><term>Stream structures</term><term>Stream substructures</term><term>Stream values</term><term>Stream widths</term><term>Structural mass estimate</term><term>Subsequent spectroscopy</term><term>Substructure</term><term>Symbol type</term><term>Systemic velocity</term><term>Tanvir</term><term>Target stars</term><term>Tidal disruption</term><term>Unambiguous stream</term><term>Velocity differences</term><term>Velocity dispersion</term><term>Velocity dispersions</term><term>Velocity distribution</term><term>Velocity gradient</term><term>Velocity histograms</term><term>Velocity range</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Spectrométrie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We present a spectroscopic analysis of five stellar streams (‘A’, ‘B’, ‘Cr’, ‘Cp’ and ‘D’) as well as the extended star cluster, EC4, which lies within Stream ‘C’, all discovered in the halo of M31 from our Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/MegaCam survey. These spectroscopic results were initially serendipitous, making use of our existing observations from the DEep Imaging Multi‐Object Spectrograph mounted on the Keck II telescope, and thereby emphasizing the ubiquity of tidal streams that account for ∼70 per cent of the M31 halo stars in the targeted fields. Subsequent spectroscopy was then procured in Stream ‘C’ and Stream ‘D’ to trace the velocity gradient along the streams. Nine metal‐rich ([Fe/H]∼−0.7) stars at vhel=−349.5 km s−1, σv,corr∼ 5.1 ± 2.5 km s−1 are proposed as a serendipitous detection of Stream ‘Cr’, with follow‐up kinematic identification at a further point along the stream. Seven metal‐poor ([Fe/H]∼−1.3) stars confined to a narrow, 15 km s−1 velocity bin centred at vhel=−285.6, σv,corr= 4.3+1.7−1.4 km s−1 represent a kinematic detection of Stream ‘Cp’, again with follow‐up kinematic identification further along the stream. For the cluster EC4, candidate member stars with average [Fe/H]∼−1.4, are found at vhel=−282 suggesting it could be related to Stream ‘Cp’. No similarly obvious cold kinematic candidate is found for Stream ‘D’, although candidates are proposed in both of two spectroscopic pointings along the stream (both at ∼−400 km s−1). Spectroscopy near the edge of Stream ‘B’ suggests a likely kinematic detection at vhel∼−330, σv,corr∼ 6.9 km s−1, while a candidate kinematic detection of Stream ‘A’ is found (plausibly associated to M33 rather than M31) with vhel∼−170, σv,corr= 12.5 km s−1. The low dispersion of the streams in kinematics, physical thickness and metallicity makes it hard to reconcile with a scenario whereby these stream structures as an ensemble are related to the giant southern stream. We conclude that the M31 stellar halo is largely made up of multiple kinematically cold streams.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>Californie</li><li>District de Karlsruhe</li><li>Louisiane</li><li>Nouvelle-Galles du Sud</li><li>Écosse</li></region><settlement><li>Heidelberg</li><li>Sydney</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Édimbourg</li><li>Université de Sydney</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Collins, M" sort="Collins, M" uniqKey="Collins M" first="M." last="Collins">M. Collins</name><name sortKey="Irwin, M" sort="Irwin, M" uniqKey="Irwin M" first="M." last="Irwin">M. Irwin</name><name sortKey="Tanvir, N" sort="Tanvir, N" uniqKey="Tanvir N" first="N." last="Tanvir">N. Tanvir</name><name sortKey="Trethewey, D" sort="Trethewey, D" uniqKey="Trethewey D" first="D." last="Trethewey">D. Trethewey</name></noCountry><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chapman, S C" sort="Chapman, S C" uniqKey="Chapman S" first="S. C." last="Chapman">S. C. Chapman</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mcconnachie, A" sort="Mcconnachie, A" uniqKey="Mcconnachie A" first="A." last="Mcconnachie">A. Mcconnachie</name><name sortKey="Pe Arrubia, J" sort="Pe Arrubia, J" uniqKey="Pe Arrubia J" first="J." last="Pe Arrubia">J. Pe Arrubia</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chapman, S C" sort="Chapman, S C" uniqKey="Chapman S" first="S. C." last="Chapman">S. C. Chapman</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ferguson, A" sort="Ferguson, A" uniqKey="Ferguson A" first="A." last="Ferguson">A. Ferguson</name><name sortKey="Huxor, A" sort="Huxor, A" uniqKey="Huxor A" first="A." last="Huxor">A. Huxor</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ibata, R" sort="Ibata, R" uniqKey="Ibata R" first="R." last="Ibata">R. Ibata</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Louisiane"><name sortKey="Koch, A" sort="Koch, A" uniqKey="Koch A" first="A." last="Koch">A. Koch</name></region><name sortKey="Letarte, B" sort="Letarte, B" uniqKey="Letarte B" first="B." last="Letarte">B. Letarte</name><name sortKey="Rich, R M" sort="Rich, R M" uniqKey="Rich R" first="R. M." last="Rich">R. M. Rich</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Martin, N" sort="Martin, N" uniqKey="Martin N" first="N." last="Martin">N. Martin</name></region></country><country name="Australie"><region name="Nouvelle-Galles du Sud"><name sortKey="Lewis, G F" sort="Lewis, G F" uniqKey="Lewis G" first="G. F." last="Lewis">G. F. Lewis</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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